🔍 Key Concepts

• Righting arm (GZ) and how it is formed between the center of gravity and center of buoyancy • How the center of buoyancy (B) moves as the vessel heels • Which point in the ship stays fixed vs. which one moves when calculating righting arms

💭 Think About

• When a vessel heels, which point (center of gravity or center of buoyancy) is assumed to stay in the same place relative to the ship? • The maximum righting arm occurs when the horizontal distance between which two points is greatest? • Look at the answer choices: which option names a point that is always involved in the GZ (righting arm) definition for ANY angle of heel?

✅ Before You Answer

• Be clear on the definition of GZ (righting arm): the horizontal distance between which two points? • Identify which listed points are actually used in the standard stability triangle (GZ curve) construction • Verify which of the choices is a fixed reference point for the ship’s weight, not just a geometric waterplane property or a flooding limit