🔍 Key Concepts

• Bunkering rate and how it affects overflow or structural stress on tanks • How fuel oil viscosity and temperature affect pumping and flow characteristics • Which factors are usually controlling limits in a shipboard transfer operation

💭 Think About

• Ask which factor will most directly limit how fast you can safely pump fuel into your own tanks without causing overpressure, overflow, or structural damage • Consider whether shore tank size or distance really changes the maximum safe rate on your vessel • Think about how pump type and fuel temperature influence the ability to move fuel, versus what determines the safe rate for your ship’s tanks and piping

✅ Before You Answer

• Identify which choice concerns conditions on board your vessel rather than ashore or along the pipeline • Decide which factor has the most direct effect on the flow characteristics and handling of heavy fuel oil • Check which option would still matter even if you bunkered from a barge instead of ashore, and at different terminals