🔍 Key Concepts

• Power transformer basics: relationship between turns, voltage, and current • Turns ratio and how it affects voltage ratio • Inverse relationships: when one quantity goes up, another goes down in proportion

💭 Think About

• First, recall the mathematical relationship between the primary and secondary voltages and the turns ratio of a transformer. How are these two related? • Next, think about how current behaves in an ideal transformer when voltage increases or decreases. Does current change in the same direction or the opposite direction? • Consider whether the wire diameter (thickness) directly determines the current ratio, or whether it is chosen based on the current that will flow as a result of the transformer’s design.

✅ Before You Answer

• Be clear on the formula linking voltage ratio to turns ratio in an ideal transformer • From that, deduce the formula linking current ratio to turns ratio and voltage ratio (note which relationships are inverse) • Check whether mechanical factors like wire diameter change the ratio mathematically, or are more about safe current-carrying capacity.