🔍 Key Concepts

• Oil transfer operations and bunkering procedures • When tanks are most at risk of overfilling or overflowing • How changes in flow rate and tank level affect control of the operation

💭 Think About

• At what stage of bunkering is it hardest to judge tank level and stop the flow in time? • During which step could a small mistake in timing or communication most quickly result in fuel on deck or over the side? • Which option involves the highest tank level combined with continued fuel flow?

✅ Before You Answer

• Identify the stage when the tank level is closest to full while fuel is still being pumped • Consider when visual monitoring and communication between ship and shore are most critical • Eliminate options that mainly involve no active pumping or only residual fuel in the hose, rather than full flow into the tank