🔍 Key Concepts

• Molecular motion and how particles behave in matter • Difference between kinetic, potential, and thermal energy • How temperature relates to the motion of molecules

💭 Think About

• Ask yourself: when we talk specifically about molecules moving and vibrating, which type of energy is most directly involved? • Consider which option describes energy due to motion in general, and which one is tied to the overall internal energy of many particles in a substance. • Think about which term you usually connect with changes in temperature and heat transfer.

✅ Before You Answer

• Identify which choice is most closely linked to heat and temperature at the molecular level. • Eliminate options that describe energy of large-scale motion of objects rather than tiny particles. • Check that your choice matches what you learned about internal energy of matter in basic physics or engineering courses.