🔍 Key Concepts

• Closed cooling water system vs. open/raw water system – what is actually circulating in each • How compressible vs. incompressible fluids behave in a piping system under changing load or pump speed • Effect of air pockets or vents on system pressure stability

💭 Think About

• Ask yourself which option would make the system act like it has a springy, cushion-like effect so that pressure goes up and down instead of staying steady • Decide which choices mainly affect overall flow rate or temperature, versus which would specifically cause the gauge to swing or surge • Think about what happens to pressure when the medium in the system can be squeezed (compressed) versus when it cannot

✅ Before You Answer

• Confirm that in a closed cooling system, the sea chest is part of the separate raw water side, not the closed fresh-water loop • Identify which option introduces something compressible into an otherwise incompressible water system • Check which conditions would more likely lead to a steady low or high pressure rather than a fluctuating/oscillating pressure reading