Excessive free surface occurring in tanks...

Question 1 / 205eccef9fbacbc34ba4d469c4

Question 1 of 205eccef9fbacbc34ba4d469c4

Excessive free surface occurring in tanks carrying liquid cargo should be avoided in order to __________.

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Question 1 of 20

5eccef9fbacbc34ba4d469c4

Excessive free surface occurring in tanks carrying liquid cargo should be avoided in order to __________.

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🔍 Key Concepts

• Free surface effect in partially filled tanks • How liquid movement affects a vessel's metacentric height (GM) and stability • Difference between structural stresses (hog/sag) and stability

💭 Think About

• When a tank is only partly filled, what happens to the liquid when the ship heels or turns? How does that influence stability? • Which of the answer choices is MOST directly affected by the side‑to‑side movement of liquid in a wide, slack tank? • Are all of the listed effects equally related to free surface, or is one of them the primary safety concern addressed in stability calculations?

✅ Before You Answer

• Identify which option is directly tied to transverse stability and GM in stability books and loading manuals • Consider whether hog and sag are mainly about hull girder bending or about liquid in tanks • Ask: is oil pollution a primary reason discussed when you learn about free surface effect, or more of a secondary consequence?

Question 1 of 20

Excessive free surface occurring in tanks carrying liquid cargo should be avoided in order to __________.

prevent oil pollution

maintain good stability

maintain hog and sag

all of the above

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