A position that is obtained by applying...

🔍 Key Concepts

• dead reckoning (DR): position based only on course steered and speed through the water, with NO current or leeway applied • estimated position (EP): position where you have adjusted your DR for set and drift of current and wind (leeway) • fix: position determined from reliable observations (visual bearings, ranges, GPS, etc.), not just calculations of motion

💭 Think About

• Ask yourself: in this question, are you using only your own course and speed, or are you also applying outside forces like current and wind? • Which term is used for a purely calculated track without current or wind, and which term adds current and wind to that calculation? • Is a position that depends only on your estimates of current and wind as reliable as a position obtained from bearings or GPS? What is that usually called in navigation texts?

✅ Before You Answer

• Verify which choice specifically refers to a position that includes set and drift of current and wind (leeway) applied to the DR track. • Confirm that a fix requires actual observations (visual, radar, GPS), not just estimated environmental effects. • Make sure you distinguish between DR position (ship’s own motion only) and the position that combines DR with estimated current and wind.

A position that is obtained by applying estimated current and wind to your vessel's course and speed is a(n) __________.

fix

dead reckoning position

estimated position

None of the above

🔍 Key Concepts

💭 Think About

✅ Before You Answer